January 2012

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Before President Barack Obama gave his inaugural address, it had been reported that he was heavily studying John F. Kennedy’s speech at the inauguration in 1961. And no doubt Obama’s “call to service” will be compared to Kennedy’s inaugural that contained the famous lines: “Ask not what your country can do for you. Ask what you can do for your country.”

On the good side, Obama did hail “doers” and “risk takers” in his speech and talked about how they have improved our way of life. That’s important, given the bipartisan urge to stamp out all risk-taking in the wake of the financial crisis. Perhaps that’s a good sign that will Obama will look at the ability to take risks as an important consideration in policy matters.

Unfortunately, though, Obama mainly talked about individuals as a means to achieving collective goals. Left out were individual American dreams of building a business or a better life — which is what fights against state tyranny from the British stamp tax to Jim Crow laws have really been about.

So the best rebuttal to this aspect of Obama’s inaugural is actually the late great economist Milton Friedman’s rebuttal to Kennedy’s “ask not.” It came from the introduction of Friedman’s seminal book Capitalism and Freedom, published in 1962, one year after Kennedy’s inauguration. In this passage, Friedman rips the concept of “national purpose” that permeated the inaugural addresses of both Kennedy and Obama:

In a much quoted passage in his inaugural address, President Kennedy said, “Ask not what your country can do for you – ask what you can do for your country.” Neither half of the statement expresses a relation between the citizen and his government that is worthy of the ideals of free men in a free society. The paternalistic “what your country can do for you” implies that government is the patron, the citizen the ward, a view that is at odds with the free man’s belief in his own responsibility for his own destiny. The organismic, “what you can do for your ‘country” implies the government is the master or the deity, the citizen, the servant or the votary.

The free man will ask neither what his country can do for him nor what he can do for his country. He will ask rather “What can I and my compatriots do through government” to help us discharge our individual responsibilities, to achieve our several goals and purposes, and above all, to protect our freedom?

To the free man, the country is the collection of individuals who compose it, not something over and above them. He is proud of a common heritage and loyal to common traditions. But he regards government as a means, an instrumentality, neither a grantor of favors and gifts, nor a master or god to be blindly worshipped and served. He recognizes no national goal except as it is the consensus of the goals that the citizens severally serve. He recognizes no national purpose except as it is the consensus of the purposes for which the citizens severally strive.

So this inauguration, when we celebrate another peaceful transfer of power and congratulate President Obama for his impressive journey to the White House, lovers of liberty should ask what can we do to protect our freedom and lift goverment barriers to achieving our several individual purposes.

Well, the noon temperature in Washington DC at the President Obama’s swearing-in was 28 degrees F., eight degrees colder than when Bush was sworn in eight years ago.

So is that what Bush’s much bally-hooed failure to curb CO2 emissions produced in the way of climate change—a Inauguration Day for Obama that’s eight degrees colder than Bush’s inauguration eight years ago? Shouldn’t more CO2 mean warming, not cooling?

Well, as I said in my earlier post today, this is not scientifically significant. But it is funny.

It’s also in line with the lack of warming of the last decade, and with the global cooling we’ve experienced over the last three years. This has occurred even though atmospheric CO2 levels have continued to increase. That is scientifically significant—it casts quite a bit of doubt on the climate models that supposedly indicate that higher CO2 levels mean higher temperatures.

By the way, if we forget about Inaugural Day temperatures and compare Bush’s first year in office with his last year, we find global cooling as well. The British Hadley Centre shows a lower overall global temperature for 2008 than for 2001.

So here we’ve got rising CO2 and declining global temperatures. Just what kind of demon gas is this carbon dioxide?

So spoke President Barack Obama in his inaugural address today:

“We will build the roads and bridges, the electric grids and digital lines that feed our commerce and bind us together.”

When Obama said this, he was no doubt referring to his stated goal of having government build out broadband networks on taxpayers’ dime. The massive $825-billion stimulus package unveiled in Congress last week devotes $6 billion to build out broadband to areas where high-speed online connectivity is sparsely available.

Providing private goods like broadband Internet access is a task best left to private enterprise. As Obama himself noted only a few moments earlier in his address:

“It has been the risk-takers, the doers, the makers of things…who have carried us up the long, rugged path towards prosperity and freedom.”

Unfortunately, it seems that President Obama does not fully understand the true meaning of this line. If he did, he would realize that the very risk-takers he lauds are the ones who ought to be tasked with building the “digital lines” that “feed our commerce”.

We rightly rely on government to provide public goods such as national defense, dispute resolution, and the enforcement of property rights. We rely on the private sector, however, for nearly everything else. In an open marketplace, competing firms take risks, investing in business ventures with hopes of earning a profit by selling goods and services above cost. Demand is met with supply, and consumers enjoy the goods and services they desire at prices that aren’t too high.

Broadband is not a public good, and government should not be in the business of funding the development of networks for private use. Investment in broadband in the U.S. today may be below the socially optimal level, but this is the case because of too much government involvement in the marketplace, not too little of it. Moreover, it is not at all clear that government has any better idea than the marketplace how much investment in broadband is socially ideal.

To be sure, spending billions of taxpayer dollars may well mean faster and more widely available broadband access in America. To make this happen, however, capital would have to be reallocated to government from other, likely more productive uses. $6 billion spent on broadband at government’s whim necessitates $6 billion in additional tax revenue, which must come from the pockets of private firms and individuals. For government to spend the funds on delivering a service that the market has deemed unworthy—specifically, fiber optic connectivity to homes across rural America—would deny private entities the ability to spend or invest that $6 billion as they see fit.

Residential broadband access is hard to come by in many rural and low-income areas, and many unserved consumers would love it if firms were to provide high-speed Internet in their neighborhood. Many of these people value broadband considerably as a tool of commerce, communications, and entertainment—or at least they say they do when asked—yet in many cases, private businesses have decided against laying out the funds needed to build out fat-pipes to these areas.

Is the state of broadband access in rural areas proof of market failure? Hardly. What it actually suggests is that, while some unserved individuals clearly desire broadband, residents of underserved communities don’t value broadband enough overall to make it worth deploying. This signals to private firms that in some regions, building fat pipes to every home is an unwise use of limited funds. Instead, these firms allocate their scarce resources to other pursuits—ones which consumers actually value enough to justify an initial investment.

What of claims that the U.S. is lagging behind foreign countries in terms of broadband speeds across? While these reports may hold some truth, they’re hardly cause for alarm. After all, different countries have different characteristics—not just geography and population density, but consumer preferences as well. It’s quite possible that some of the nations with speedier broadband than America actually suffer from too much investment in broadband—and that their economies have suffered as a result. Like telecommunications firms in Japan, which over-invested in building out high-bandwidth fiber optic networks, some nations that currently surpass the U.S. in terms of broadband connectivity may well have harmed their economies on net by misallocating funds. The fact that the average U.S. worker is still more productive than the average worker of any nation with government—funded broadband is a testament to the fact that we can use capital efficiently without embracing a command-and-control approach to broadband.

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Listening to President Obama’s inaugural address today, I was struck by his rhetoric with respect to “apologizing for our way of life.” It was a bit unclear, but hopefully he was referring, not only to threats to our national security, but to energy consumption — the notion that we (Americans, westerners) should not apologize for the energy we consume, which enables us to live better, more productive, healthy lives.

With old friends and former foes, we will work tirelessly to lessen the nuclear threat, and roll back the specter of a warming planet. We will not apologize for our way of life, nor will we waver in its defense, and for those who seek to advance their aims by inducing terror and slaughtering innocents, we say to you now that our spirit is stronger and cannot be broken; you cannot outlast us, and we will defeat you.

As my colleagues have noted, many of Obama’s energy and environment appointments have a long track record of supporting anti-energy policies, such as renewable energy mandates, that drive up energy costs for the rest of us. But, for a moment, it would be nice to think that our new president doesn’t want us to apologize for the energy that empowers all of us to live better lives.

President-elect Obama became President Obama today. It is worth taking a minute to reflect on the nature of his office.  Exactly what has he gotten himself into?

Good men rarely become president. Good people don’t even want to be president. Once in a while, one slips through the cracks. George Washington. Abraham Lincoln. Grover Cleveland (not kidding). Maybe Barack Obama will be added to that list some day. It’s too early to tell.

I have some doubts. Here’s why: becoming president requires years of campaigning and fundraising, handshaking and deal-making — no one can possibly endure the modern campaign unless they thirst for power to their very core.

Campaigning for even minor office requires months of the candidate prostrating himself before people he’s never met. Making grand promises he couldn’t possibly keep. The things that must do to his mind. Especially if he starts buying his own hype.

Our candidate must hide his true beliefs. He has to tailor his opinions to match the median voter’s. He dares not follow his own heart or mind. He’d lose for sure.

Good people carry themselves with pride and dignity. The man or woman who voluntarily embarks on the modern campaign has neither.

And the media coverage. The spotlight so bright that it burns. Unkempt reporters always scurrying underfoot. Never a moment to yourself on the campaign trail.

Worse, the strain it puts on your family. Long weeks of separation. Unflattering exposés, revealing your relatives’ personal lives for millions to see.

Good people do not do that to their families.

Nor do good people seek power over other human beings. Morality in politics is that of Thrasymachus in Plato’s Republic; might makes right. No parent would teach that to their child. It is wrong.

Yet it is the morality that men must follow to become president.

Politicians are terrible little creatures. May our children aspire to better things than the presidency.

Fatal conceit alert! Here’s the text of the Inaugural Address, with some comments from your humble servant.

For everywhere we look, there is work to be done. The state of the economy calls for action, bold and swift, and we will act – not only to create new jobs, but to lay a new foundation for growth. We will build the roads and bridges, the electric grids and digital lines that feed our commerce and bind us together. We will restore science to its rightful place, and wield technology’s wonders to raise health care’s quality and lower its cost. We will harness the sun and the winds and the soil to fuel our cars and run our factories. And we will transform our schools and colleges and universities to meet the demands of a new age. All this we can do. And all this we will do.

Obama already shows that he does not understand infrastructure. The grids – roads and electric grids and so on – only work if the flows – cars and energy – are allowed to flow freely. And flows only work if the grids are sufficient to allow them to flow. This is why liberating or constructing grids is of no help if you restrict the flows, and vice versa. An electric grid designed to meet the demands of the next 30 years will be of no help if we restrict ourselves to the false promise of solar and wind power, which cannot possibly provide more than a tiny fraction of our energy at current – or foreseeable – technology. Similarly, what good is a road network if we restrict our cars to a range of 40 miles? A proper approach to infrastructure liberates both. The best government can do for infrastructure is actually to get out of the way. NEPA reform is essential.

As for “science in its rightful place” – I hope so! Something to inform, not dictate policy.

And “soil” – does that mean nuclear?

Now, there are some who question the scale of our ambitions – who suggest that our system cannot tolerate too many big plans. Their memories are short. For they have forgotten what this country has already done; what free men and women can achieve when imagination is joined to common purpose, and necessity to courage.

What the cynics fail to understand is that the ground has shifted beneath them – that the stale political arguments that have consumed us for so long no longer apply. The question we ask today is not whether our government is too big or too small, but whether it works – whether it helps families find jobs at a decent wage, care they can afford, a retirement that is dignified. Where the answer is yes, we intend to move forward. Where the answer is no, programs will end. And those of us who manage the public’s dollars will be held to account – to spend wisely, reform bad habits, and do our business in the light of day – because only then can we restore the vital trust between a people and their government.

Ah, a classic obfuscation deployed against the “cynic” – that’d be me, a loyal follower of Diogenes the Dog. “Big plans” are the fatal conceit. “Big works” we could and can handle. There is a big difference. As for the question of the size of government, the most important insight of liberalism is that government that “works” is often still harmful (see J.S. Mill, passim). The tyranny of the majority works for the majority, not the minority. That’s why government has to be limited as a moral imperative, never mind the mountain of economic evidence in favor of limited government.

Nor is the question before us whether the market is a force for good or ill. Its power to generate wealth and expand freedom is unmatched, but this crisis has reminded us that without a watchful eye, the market can spin out of control – and that a nation cannot prosper long when it favors only the prosperous. The success of our economy has always depended not just on the size of our Gross Domestic Product, but on the reach of our prosperity; on our ability to extend opportunity to every willing heart – not out of charity, but because it is the surest route to our common good.

The market has self-limiting devices to prevent it spinning out of control, but too often government regulates against them. It can also be spun out of control by government pushing it too hard in the wrong direction, as happened here, both in the UK and US. I do have to agree with him on opportunity, however. Opportunity is at the base of resiliency and adaptation to circumstance. What we cannot do, on the other hand, is guarantee opportunity, for that by its very nature reduces resiliency. Instead, we must have institutional reform to allow people to make the most of what they have, whether their resources be modest or ample. Property rights, rule of law, the market, many others – all are institutions that allow opportunity and which government has weakened.

…roll back the specter of a warming planet. We will not apologize for our way of life

Interesting juxtaposition. It would be nice if he meant it. Moreover, the use of the word specter is appropriate – a terrifying fantasy that exists only to frighten naive people.

To the people of poor nations, we pledge to work alongside you to make your farms flourish and let clean waters flow; to nourish starved bodies and feed hungry minds. And to those nations like ours that enjoy relative plenty, we say we can no longer afford indifference to suffering outside our borders; nor can we consume the world’s resources without regard to effect. For the world has changed, and we must change with it.

Again, I agree completely with the professed end, but the means by which he hopes to achieve it contradict the end. Artificially restricting energy access on a global basis will keep the poor in poverty and guarantee suffering outside our borders. That is why we need a different approach.

I’ll pass over the cant and the security issues, and end by commenting on a misinterpretation of George Washington:

“Let it be told to the future world…that in the depth of winter, when nothing but hope and virtue could survive…that the city and the country, alarmed at one common danger, came forth to meet [it].”

Notice the subject and the voice. The people came forth voluntarily. they were not commanded by a government or leader. Thomas Paine is asking his compatriots to help, but no government forced it – indeed, that is the point of the request, that it should be said that people did it voluntarily. And respond they did. They sprang forth from their farms and homesteads to see off a tyrant whose list of abuses to their ancient rights and freedoms served as an affront to their heritage and liberty. There was no fatal conceit in the creation of America, rather a reaction against it. [This paragraph has been edited to correct a misrepresentation. See comments.] That is why the misunderstandings, contradictions and wishful thinking embodied in this inaugural address will be no more than a footnote in history.

Anyone who lives in the nation’s capital knows that it has been FREEZING, with well below average temperatures. Even today, inauguration day, started out with the wind chill in single digits. It’s good to know that the president already is seeking to fulfill his promise to halt global warming. After all, as candidate Barack Obama told us in his June speech celebrating having locked up the Democratic Party nomination

“This was the moment when the rise of the oceans began to slow and our planet began to heal.”

Of course, I have to say–as a warm weather person, I think we’ve had a bit too much planet healing lately!

President Obama faces the immediate challenge of getting funds again flowing through the financial system.  And, apparently, his advisors are relying on “pump priming”—pouring money into the system to encourage more money to flow.  This metaphor is misleading.

I grew up in a poor area of rural Louisiana where some families still relied on old style hand pumps. The process for pulling water from underground aquifers depended upon the vacuum principle—that is the (generally) leather seal in the pump casing would often dry between uses—loosening the seal and making a vacuum impossible.  Pouring some water into the pump pipe would moisten the leather, recreating the seal and restoring the potential vacuum.  That system worked well for many centuries.

But an economy is not a pump and the banks aren’t leather seals.

Bankers and other players in our financial system are sentient individuals, not machines.  Unlike pumps, they must and do consider the prospects for future actions—that the forces that were artificially induced will soon dry up.  And they suffer consequences unlike the leather simile.

Thus, our challenge is to ensure that we restore confidence that the forces that today start the financial waters flowing are not ephemeral, that the forces of economic freedom and responsibility have been restored.  A set of arbitrary, inconsistent and short-term priming activities is unlikely to restore our system